WCAG Guideline 2.5.5: Target Size Explained
Estimated read time: 6–7 minutes
Guideline 2: Operable
The Operable principle ensures that all users can interact with and control web content, regardless of their abilities. This includes making sure interactive elements are large enough to tap or click easily.
Guideline 2.5: Input Modalities
Guideline 2.5 focuses on making it easier for users to operate functionality through various input methods, including touch, mouse, and stylus.
What Is Guideline 2.5.5 Target Size?
"The size of the target for pointer inputs is at least 44 by 44 CSS pixels except where the target is duplicated, inline, or essential."
Guideline 2.5.5 Target Size is a Level AAA requirement in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) .
- All interactive elements (buttons, links, controls) should be at least 44x44 CSS pixels.
- Exceptions: duplicate targets, inline links, browser controls, or essential small targets.
- Ensures users with limited dexterity or large fingers can easily activate controls.
This ensures all interactive elements are large enough for everyone to use comfortably and accurately.
For more, see AccessGuide: Large Target Size .
Why Does It Matter?
- Inclusivity: Small targets are hard to hit for users with limited dexterity or larger fingers.
- Legal Compliance: Target Size is a Level AAA requirement in WCAG 2.1 and 2.2.
- Usability: Prevents accidental taps and improves user experience.
For more, see W3C’s guidance on target size .
What Needs Large Target Sizes?
- Buttons and links
- Form fields
- Any interactive element
All must have a minimum target size of 44x44 CSS pixels, unless an exception applies.
How to Make Target Size Accessible
- Ensure targets are at least 44x44 CSS pixels
- Provide sufficient spacing between targets
- Document target size conventions
- Test with users with limited dexterity
For more, see the W3C's Target Size Techniques .
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Targets smaller than 44x44 CSS pixels
- Targets too close together
- Not documenting target size conventions
- Not testing with users with limited dexterity
Differences Between A, AA, and AAA for Guideline 2.5.5 in WCAG 2.2
- Level A: Not applicable for this guideline.
- Level AA: Not applicable for this guideline.
- Level AAA: Requires targets are at least 44x44 CSS pixels except for exceptions. This is the core requirement for 2.5.5 and is mandatory for AAA conformance.
For more, see the W3C’s official documentation for 2.5.5 Target Size .
Quick Checklist
- All targets are at least 44x44 CSS pixels
- Sufficient spacing between targets
- Target size conventions are documented
- Tested with users with limited dexterity
Summary
Guideline 2.5.5 is essential for helping users interact with your site. By ensuring large touch targets, you support users with disabilities, improve usability, and meet legal requirements. Test your site regularly and make target size a core part of your development process.